0.0.1 Document history

Orignal Publish Date: 02 September 2021

Updated on: 11:09 AM – 12 September, 2021

So far we have been focusing on the economic consequences of having political families in constituencies by comparing them against non-families. Here onwards, we will be comparing stable against non-families and other categories.

We address two main question here how does the development indices differ from the political family constituencies from non-political family constituencies. Two address this question we use NREGA , PMGSY, MPLÌ„Ì„Ì„Ì„Ì„Ì„Ì„Ì„Ì„Ì„Ì„ADS and nightlights data.

The second question is where do political families come from. This would need longitudinal data or historical data. Given the above datasets are recent we will depend on population census, economic census, weather data, agitation data, criminality data etc.

In our full dataset we have 667 winners from the stable family and 415 after the family formation. Since 2009, it is 161 . We would only be able to use these stable category to assess the consequence of family politicians after 2009 since that category is formed after 2008. This limits us to MPLADS, PMGSY and NREGA

1 Econ consequences

2 MPLADS

2.1 Summary

No Variable Stats / Values Freqs (% of Valid) Graph Missing
1 constituency_no
[integer]		 Mean (sd) : 34.3 (25.5)
min < med < max:
1 < 25 < 80
IQR (CV) : 43 (0.7)		 72 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
2 year
[integer]		 1 distinct value 2009 : 14709 (100.0%) 0
(0.0%)
3 v1
[integer]		 Mean (sd) : 7354 (4246.3)
min < med < max:
0 < 7354 < 14708
IQR (CV) : 7354 (0.6)		 14709 distinct values
(Integer sequence)		 0
(0.0%)
4 st_name
[character]		 1. uttar pradesh 14709 (100.0%) 0
(0.0%)
5 lsrs
[character]		 1. LS/RS: 15th Lok Sabha 14709 (100.0%) 0
(0.0%)
6 constituency
[character]		 1. mathura
2. allahabad
3. firozabad
4. amroha
5. muzaffarnagar
6. saharanpur
7. kaushambi
8. bijnor
9. rampur
10. robertsganj
[ 62 others ]		 1092 ( 7.4%)
848 ( 5.8%)
604 ( 4.1%)
559 ( 3.8%)
517 ( 3.5%)
506 ( 3.4%)
487 ( 3.3%)
455 ( 3.1%)
442 ( 3.0%)
397 ( 2.7%)
8802 (59.8%)		 0
(0.0%)
7 mp
[character]		 1. Shri Jayant Chaudhary
2. Kunwar Rewati Raman Sing
3. Shri Raj Babbar
4. Shri Devendra Nagpal
5. Shri Kadir Rana
6. Shri Jagdish Singh Rana
7. Shri Shailendra Kumar
8. Shri Sanjay Singh Chauhan
9. Smt. Jaya Prada Nahata
10. Shri Pakauri Lal
[ 62 others ]		 1092 ( 7.4%)
848 ( 5.8%)
604 ( 4.1%)
559 ( 3.8%)
517 ( 3.5%)
506 ( 3.4%)
487 ( 3.3%)
455 ( 3.1%)
442 ( 3.0%)
397 ( 2.7%)
8802 (59.8%)		 0
(0.0%)
8 nodaldistrict
[character]		 1. mathura
2. allahabad
3. bijnore
4. firozabad
5. muzaffarnagar
6. saharanpur
7. kaushambi
8. rampur
9. bareilly
10. gorakhpur
[ 54 others ]		 1092 ( 7.4%)
1043 ( 7.1%)
757 ( 5.1%)
604 ( 4.1%)
517 ( 3.5%)
506 ( 3.4%)
487 ( 3.3%)
442 ( 3.0%)
432 ( 2.9%)
428 ( 2.9%)
8401 (57.1%)		 0
(0.0%)
9 allsanctionedworksiliworksnotsan
[character]		 1. All Sanctioned Works 14709 (100.0%) 0
(0.0%)
10 worknamewithlocation
[character]		 1. ek high mask light
2. const. of cc road in kanp
3. five handpump
4. balmiki basti mein ek hig
5. const of cc road in kanpu
6. consrt. of crematorium sh
7. cc road in dalit basti
8. const. of milan kendra an
9. 8-solar light
10. boundarywall of graveyard
[ 14312 others ]		 23 ( 0.2%)
21 ( 0.1%)
14 ( 0.1%)
11 ( 0.1%)
10 ( 0.1%)
9 ( 0.1%)
8 ( 0.1%)
7 ( 0.0%)
6 ( 0.0%)
6 ( 0.0%)
14594 (99.2%)		 0
(0.0%)
11 blockurban
[character]		 1. urban
2. (Empty string)
3. city
4. block
5. raya
6. naujheel
7. amroha
8. mathura
9. firozabad
10. ghorawal
[ 994 others ]		 617 ( 4.2%)
527 ( 3.6%)
348 ( 2.4%)
275 ( 1.9%)
184 ( 1.3%)
183 ( 1.2%)
175 ( 1.2%)
164 ( 1.1%)
151 ( 1.0%)
147 ( 1.0%)
11938 (81.2%)		 0
(0.0%)
12 wardgrampanchayat
[character]		 1. (Empty string)
2. gram panchayat
3. city
4. gram punchayat
5. gp
6. ward
7. urban
8. saharanpur
9. nagar panchayat
10. city gajraula
[ 8644 others ]		 1279 ( 8.7%)
198 ( 1.3%)
188 ( 1.3%)
99 ( 0.7%)
66 ( 0.4%)
65 ( 0.4%)
39 ( 0.3%)
36 ( 0.2%)
33 ( 0.2%)
31 ( 0.2%)
12675 (86.2%)		 0
(0.0%)
13 dateofreceiptofproposalforworkfr
[character]		 1. 22/10/2012
2. 7/11/09
3. 22/12/2012
4. 5/11/12
5. 22/09/2012
6. 19/08/2013
7. 26/05/2010
8. 16/07/2012
9. 20/10/2012
10. 16/11/2011
[ 1368 others ]		 167 ( 1.1%)
129 ( 0.9%)
119 ( 0.8%)
113 ( 0.8%)
112 ( 0.8%)
110 ( 0.7%)
109 ( 0.7%)
88 ( 0.6%)
88 ( 0.6%)
86 ( 0.6%)
13588 (92.4%)		 0
(0.0%)
14 dateofsanctionofworkbydistrict
[character]		 1. 25/02/2013
2. 30/03/2010
3. 23/12/2011
4. 22/12/2011
5. 28/02/2014
6. 30/11/2011
7. 30/11/2009
8. 7/11/12
9. 19/02/2014
10. 20/11/2013
[ 1147 others ]		 311 ( 2.1%)
215 ( 1.5%)
164 ( 1.1%)
150 ( 1.0%)
133 ( 0.9%)
130 ( 0.9%)
124 ( 0.8%)
113 ( 0.8%)
107 ( 0.7%)
103 ( 0.7%)
13159 (89.5%)		 0
(0.0%)
15 executingagency
[character]		 1. R.E.S.
2. RES
3. U.P. NEDA MATHURA
4. MANAGER
5. CONST.DIVN; UP JAL NIGAM
6. SAMAJ KALYAN NIRMAN NIGAM
7. Electric Deptt
8. RED
9. DUDA BIJNOR
10. res
[ 1301 others ]		 1109 ( 7.5%)
886 ( 6.0%)
534 ( 3.6%)
442 ( 3.0%)
278 ( 1.9%)
268 ( 1.8%)
259 ( 1.8%)
218 ( 1.5%)
212 ( 1.4%)
178 ( 1.2%)
10325 (70.2%)		 0
(0.0%)
16 costsanctionedbydistrict
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 479289.5 (823240.9)
min < med < max:
2440 < 3e+05 < 34500000
IQR (CV) : 453200 (1.7)		 5039 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
17 workstatus
[character]		 1. COMPLETED
2. DISCONTINUED
3. NOT YET STARTED
4. ON GOING
5. Status not reported		 10018 (68.1%)
110 ( 0.7%)
206 ( 1.4%)
2162 (14.7%)
2213 (15.0%)		 0
(0.0%)
18 blockurban_missing
[numeric]		 Min : 0
Mean : 0.1
Max : 1		 0 : 13221 (89.9%)
1 : 1488 (10.1%)		 0
(0.0%)
19 gp_missing
[numeric]		 Min : 0
Mean : 0.1
Max : 1		 0 : 12684 (86.2%)
1 : 2025 (13.8%)		 0
(0.0%)
20 villageidgis
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 9927.5 (101866.7)
min < med < max:
0 < 2175 < 9070012
IQR (CV) : 12396 (10.3)		 2895 distinct values 4514
(30.7%)
21 villagename_gis
[character]		 1. (Empty string)
2. bairi
3. bharwari
4. dorahar
5. jura
6. jhalwa
7. faridpur salem
8. tilauli
9. barouli
10. janari
[ 3006 others ]		 4514 (30.7%)
304 ( 2.1%)
112 ( 0.8%)
112 ( 0.8%)
104 ( 0.7%)
78 ( 0.5%)
77 ( 0.5%)
76 ( 0.5%)
74 ( 0.5%)
74 ( 0.5%)
9184 (62.4%)		 0
(0.0%)
22 block_name
[logical]		 All NA’s 14709
(100.0%)
23 state_ut
[character]		 1. bihar
2. chhattisgarh
3. delhi
4. haryana
5. jharkhand
6. madhya pradesh
7. uttar pradesh
8. uttarakhand		 1 ( 0.0%)
2 ( 0.0%)
9 ( 0.1%)
3 ( 0.0%)
1 ( 0.0%)
24 ( 0.2%)
14657 (99.6%)
12 ( 0.1%)		 0
(0.0%)
24 matched
[numeric]		 Min : 0
Mean : 0.6
Max : 1		 0 : 5720 (38.9%)
1 : 8989 (61.1%)		 0
(0.0%)
25 ac_no_gis
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 172.1 (137)
min < med < max:
1 < 128 < 403
IQR (CV) : 270 (0.8)		 359 distinct values 3027
(20.6%)
26 ac_name_gis
[character]		 1. (Empty string)
2. siwalkhas (sc)
3. mant
4. saharanpur
5. shikohabad
6. baldev
7. hapur (sc)
8. beyalsi
9. chhata
10. kithore
[ 461 others ]		 3027 (20.6%)
275 ( 1.9%)
235 ( 1.6%)
232 ( 1.6%)
196 ( 1.3%)
184 ( 1.3%)
171 ( 1.2%)
150 ( 1.0%)
140 ( 1.0%)
126 ( 0.9%)
9973 (67.8%)		 0
(0.0%)
27 elecyear_missing
[numeric]		 1 distinct value 0 : 14709 (100.0%) 0
(0.0%)
28 ac_no_gis_post
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 139.9 (126.3)
min < med < max:
1 < 84 < 403
IQR (CV) : 201 (0.9)		 258 distinct values 8686
(59.1%)
29 project_id
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 98726.8 (14345.6)
min < med < max:
265 < 99318 < 124341
IQR (CV) : 21615 (0.1)		 14709 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
30 costnew
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 383998.9 (316550)
min < med < max:
2440 < 3e+05 < 1e+06
IQR (CV) : 453200 (0.8)		 3898 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
31 percentilecost
[character]		 1. 0-25
2. 26-50
3. 51-75
4. 76-100		 3491 (23.7%)
2948 (20.0%)
3467 (23.6%)
4803 (32.7%)		 0
(0.0%)
32 newexpend
[character]		 1. 0-2
2. 10+
3. 2-5
4. 5-10		 5813 (39.5%)
1485 (10.1%)
4617 (31.4%)
2794 (19.0%)		 0
(0.0%)
33 newdaterec
[IDate, Date]		 min : 2001-01-28
med : 2011-12-05
max : 2014-12-15
range : 13y 10m 17d		 1378 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
34 newdatesanc
[IDate, Date]		 min : 2004-10-26
med : 2012-01-11
max : 2015-06-29
range : 10y 8m 3d		 1157 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
35 days
[integer]		 Mean (sd) : 67.5 (104.7)
min < med < max:
-1950 < 45 < 3852
IQR (CV) : 70 (1.6)		 569 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
36 date.sancnew
[POSIXct, POSIXt]		 min : 2004-10-26
med : 2012-03-17
max : 2015-06-29
range : 10y 8m 3d		 1157 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
37 date.recnew
[POSIXct, POSIXt]		 min : 2001-01-28
med : 2011-12-02
max : 2014-12-15
range : 13y 10m 17d		 1378 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
38 worknew
[character]		 1. Road
2. Transformer
3. Class Room
4. Handpump
5. Khadnja
6. Solar
7. Construction
8. Others
9. Interlocking
10. Drain
[ 2 others ]		 4107 (27.9%)
1795 (12.2%)
1786 (12.1%)
1519 (10.3%)
1133 ( 7.7%)
1090 ( 7.4%)
1002 ( 6.8%)
997 ( 6.8%)
408 ( 2.8%)
383 ( 2.6%)
489 ( 3.3%)		 0
(0.0%)
39 category_work
[character]		 1. Construction
2. Education
3. Electricity
4. Others
5. Road
6. Sanitation
7. Water		 2730 (18.6%)
1786 (12.1%)
3187 (21.7%)
997 ( 6.8%)
4107 (27.9%)
383 ( 2.6%)
1519 (10.3%)		 0
(0.0%)
40 catfam
[integer]		 Min : 1
Mean : 1.6
Max : 2		 1 : 6264 (42.6%)
2 : 8445 (57.4%)		 0
(0.0%)
41 count
[integer]		 1 distinct value 1 : 14709 (100.0%) 0
(0.0%)
42 cost_cat
[factor]		 1. Low
2. Medium
3. High		 5813 (39.5%)
4617 (31.4%)
4279 (29.1%)		 0
(0.0%)

2.2 Top level summary: stable v/s Non-family

This table shows the average number of projects and the cost for the family types. First table is forboth years and the second one is year by year break-up of the same.

MPLADS 2009
Entity N PCs Avg. number of projects in a PC Avg. cost sanctioned for a project Avg. number of days to sanction
Rest 47 264 433216 59
Stable 25 548 324183 79 
## # A tibble: 72 × 3
## # Groups:   dyn_cum_2_text [2]
##    dyn_cum_2_text constituency_name mean_cost
##    <chr>          <chr>                 <dbl>
##  1 Rest           AGRA                713667.
##  2 Rest           AKBARPUR            396305.
##  3 Rest           ALIGARH             789755.
##  4 Rest           BAHRAICH            782345.
##  5 Rest           BALLIA              335066.
##  6 Rest           BANDA               425206.
##  7 Rest           BARABANKI           668063.
##  8 Rest           BAREILLY            325995.
##  9 Rest           BASTI               387763.
## 10 Rest           BHADOHI             458227.
## # … with 62 more rows

2.3 Break-up

2.3.1 Projects

Question - Is there any difference in the project choices of family politicians?

This table shows the composition of the category of the projects they choose work on.

This chart shows the average number of projects of each categories according to the family type.

2.3.2 Expenditure

Question - Is there any difference in the spending patterns of family politicians?

Question : What’s the average cost of a project for each categories?

2.4 cost categories

We categorised the projects into three depending upon the cost of the project:

Categories:

Low - 0-.2 mn

Medium - 2.2 mn - 5 mn

High - 5 mn+

Project cost categories wrt politician’s identity
Cost Categry Politicians Identity Proportion of projects
Low Rest 0.32
Low Stable 0.49
Medium Rest 0.34
Medium Stable 0.28
High Rest 0.34
High Stable 0.23

3 PMGSY

3.1 Summary table

No Variable Stats / Values Freqs (% of Valid) Graph Missing
1 year
[integer]		 Min : 2004
Mean : 2007.3
Max : 2009		 2004 : 1203 (33.1%)
2009 : 2426 (66.9%)		 0
(0.0%)
2 sr.no.
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 680.1 (488.3)
min < med < max:
1 < 607 < 1768
IQR (CV) : 817 (0.7)		 1768 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
3 district name
[character]		 1. Sitapur
2. Hardoi
3. Lakhimpur-Kherii
4. Shahjahanpur
5. Moradabad
6. Rae Bareli
7. Unnao
8. Baghpat
9. Bahraich
10. Sonebhadra
[ 65 others ]		 186 ( 5.1%)
170 ( 4.7%)
132 ( 3.6%)
124 ( 3.4%)
94 ( 2.6%)
94 ( 2.6%)
94 ( 2.6%)
92 ( 2.5%)
85 ( 2.3%)
85 ( 2.3%)
2473 (68.1%)		 0
(0.0%)
4 programme implementation unit
[character]		 1. DPIU Of Sitapur
2. DPIU Of Hardoi
3. DPIU Of Lakhimpur-KheriI
4. DPIU Of Shahjahanpur
5. DPIU Of Moradabad
6. DPIU Of Rae Bareli
7. DPIU Of Unnao
8. DPIU Of Baghpat
9. DPIU Of Bahraich
10. DPIU Of Sonebhadra
[ 67 others ]		 186 ( 5.1%)
170 ( 4.7%)
132 ( 3.6%)
124 ( 3.4%)
94 ( 2.6%)
94 ( 2.6%)
94 ( 2.6%)
92 ( 2.5%)
85 ( 2.3%)
85 ( 2.3%)
2473 (68.1%)		 0
(0.0%)
5 block name
[character]		 1. pisawan
2. chopan
3. binauli
4. dingarpur
5. pasgawan
6. nawabganj
7. shahbad
8. hallia
9. dilari
10. jewar
[ 695 others ]		 29 ( 0.8%)
23 ( 0.6%)
22 ( 0.6%)
22 ( 0.6%)
22 ( 0.6%)
21 ( 0.6%)
21 ( 0.6%)
20 ( 0.6%)
19 ( 0.5%)
19 ( 0.5%)
3411 (94.0%)		 0
(0.0%)
6 package no.
[character]		 1. UP3536
2. UP6440
3. UP68147
4. UP0469
5. UP0758
6. UP0832
7. UP0837
8. UP0841
9. UP4459
10. UP63104
[ 2081 others ]		 12 ( 0.3%)
9 ( 0.2%)
8 ( 0.2%)
7 ( 0.2%)
7 ( 0.2%)
7 ( 0.2%)
7 ( 0.2%)
7 ( 0.2%)
7 ( 0.2%)
7 ( 0.2%)
3551 (97.9%)		 0
(0.0%)
7 sanctioned year
[character]		 1. 2007 - 2008
2. 2009 - 2010
3. 2010 - 2011
4. 2011 - 2012
5. 2012 - 2013		 1203 (33.1%)
26 ( 0.7%)
162 ( 4.5%)
478 (13.2%)
1760 (48.5%)		 0
(0.0%)
8 work type
[character]		 1. ROAD 3629 (100.0%) 0
(0.0%)
9 road name / bridge name
[character]		 1. Koraon - Rajpur (KKD) roa
2. Hasanpur - Atrasi Amroha
3. Kaptanganj - Ahiraula
4. Karwi Boodha Road - Rajap
5. Rateora - Devghat
6. Sitapur - Badagaon
7. T-01 (Powayan) - Nigohi R
8. Tilhar (T-04) - Jaitipur
9. Akbarpur - Iltifatganj
10. Anoopshahr - Shikarpur
[ 3582 others ]		 4 ( 0.1%)
3 ( 0.1%)
3 ( 0.1%)
3 ( 0.1%)
3 ( 0.1%)
3 ( 0.1%)
3 ( 0.1%)
3 ( 0.1%)
2 ( 0.1%)
2 ( 0.1%)
3600 (99.2%)		 0
(0.0%)
10 connectivity (new / upgrade)
[character]		 1. New
2. Upgarde		 1450 (40.0%)
2179 (60.0%)		 0
(0.0%)
11 name of benefited habitations
[character]		 1. (Empty string)
2. A. Emaliya Chechgra [ 775
3. A.m Chhibbi [ 7817], Nisf
4. Aadiwasi Basti [ 8016], B
5. Aaggrey Purwa [ 8062], Ah
6. Aahir Tola [ 8092], Babu
7. Aam Gouriya [ 8249]
8. Aama Kot [ 8274], Ahirawa
9. Aan Purva [ 8444], Jailal
10. Aandhariya Pur [ 8467], G
[ 3483 others ]		 137 ( 3.8%)
1 ( 0.0%)
1 ( 0.0%)
1 ( 0.0%)
1 ( 0.0%)
1 ( 0.0%)
1 ( 0.0%)
1 ( 0.0%)
1 ( 0.0%)
1 ( 0.0%)
3483 (96.0%)		 0
(0.0%)
12 core-network road name
[character]		 1. (Empty string)
2. G.t.road Km.110.70 To G.t
3. Hathgaon pattishah Road K
4. P.g.b.road Km.74.00 To P.
5. Fatehpur (ch. 0.00 To 8.0
6. Saidpur To Chiraiyakote
7. G.t.road Ch Km.85.00 To G
8. Ghazipur Saidraja Road (n
9. Godaur To Sonwani
10. J.a.c.j.j. road K.m.4.00
[ 3292 others ]		 10 ( 0.3%)
8 ( 0.2%)
8 ( 0.2%)
8 ( 0.2%)
7 ( 0.2%)
7 ( 0.2%)
6 ( 0.2%)
6 ( 0.2%)
6 ( 0.2%)
6 ( 0.2%)
3557 (98.0%)		 0
(0.0%)
13 core-network habitation name
[character]		 1. (Empty string)
2. Badsahi [ 64705] { 4673}
3. Bai Bajar [ 72033] { 411}
4. Laldaspur [ 617753] { 399
5. A.k. Swad [ 7794] { 3817}
6. Bhitaura [ 151824] { 3010
7. Amauli [ 29306] { 6218} ,
8. Baruin [ 108463] { 5717}
9. Chak Khan Muhammad [ 1918
10. Faridpur usraina [ 328487
[ 3163 others ]		 158 ( 4.4%)
8 ( 0.2%)
8 ( 0.2%)
8 ( 0.2%)
7 ( 0.2%)
7 ( 0.2%)
6 ( 0.2%)
6 ( 0.2%)
6 ( 0.2%)
6 ( 0.2%)
3409 (93.9%)		 0
(0.0%)
14 sanction cost
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 172.3 (148.9)
min < med < max:
10 < 116.1 < 1468.3
IQR (CV) : 194.2 (0.9)		 3420 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
15 state cost
[numeric]		 Min : 0
Mean : 0
Max : 1.2		 0.00 : 3628 (100.0%)
1.15 : 1 ( 0.0%)		 0
(0.0%)
16 road length (kms)
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 4.6 (3.9)
min < med < max:
0.4 < 3.2 < 23
IQR (CV) : 5.5 (0.9)		 703 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
17 bridge length (mtrs)
[integer]		 1 distinct value 0 : 3629 (100.0%) 0
(0.0%)
18 road length completed till date
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 4.5 (3.9)
min < med < max:
0 < 3 < 22.9
IQR (CV) : 5.6 (0.9)		 874 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
19 expenditure till date
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 162 (144.1)
min < med < max:
6.8 < 104.2 < 1334.9
IQR (CV) : 187.9 (0.9)		 3400 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
20 stage of progress
[character]		 1. Completed
2. Maintenance
3. Sub-Grade Stage
4. Subbase / GSB Stage
5. Surface Course / BT Stage		 521 (14.4%)
3105 (85.6%)
1 ( 0.0%)
1 ( 0.0%)
1 ( 0.0%)		 0
(0.0%)
21 collaboration
[character]		 1. Regular PMGSY
2. World Bank (RRP-I)
3. World Bank (RRP-II)		 2021 (55.7%)
145 ( 4.0%)
1463 (40.3%)		 0
(0.0%)
22 contractor name
[character]		 1. MOHD UMAR KHAN
2. M/s Maa Vindhyavasini Con
3. M/s Sunil Gargh and compa
4. M/s. RAM SANEHI AND SONS
5. SR INFRA CONSTRUCTION PVT
6. RCC DEVELOPERS PVT LTD
7. M/S Durga Builders
8. M/s Rakesh Pratap Singh C
9. AKHILESH KUMAR PATHAK
10. M/s. Divya Construction C
[ 802 others ]		 44 ( 1.2%)
37 ( 1.0%)
32 ( 0.9%)
31 ( 0.9%)
28 ( 0.8%)
27 ( 0.7%)
26 ( 0.7%)
26 ( 0.7%)
25 ( 0.7%)
25 ( 0.7%)
3328 (91.7%)		 0
(0.0%)
23 5 years maintenance cost due
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 8.4 (7.7)
min < med < max:
0 < 5.8 < 195.6
IQR (CV) : 9.6 (0.9)		 1210 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
24 completion date
[character]		 1. Financial: 31-03-2010/ Ph
2. Financial: 31-12-2015/ Ph
3. Financial: 27-03-2015/ Ph
4. Financial: 30-03-2010/ Ph
5. Financial: 13-05-2016/ Ph
6. Financial: 23-07-2012/ Ph
7. Financial: 31-03-2010/ Ph
8. Financial: 21-05-2015/ Ph
9. Financial: 30-03-2010/ Ph
10. Financial: 21-03-2015/ Ph
[ 2577 others ]		 19 ( 0.5%)
18 ( 0.5%)
13 ( 0.4%)
11 ( 0.3%)
10 ( 0.3%)
10 ( 0.3%)
10 ( 0.3%)
9 ( 0.2%)
9 ( 0.2%)
8 ( 0.2%)
3512 (96.8%)		 0
(0.0%)
25 blocknew
[character]		 1. pisawan
2. pahari
3. barhpura
4. chopan
5. ramnagar
6. binauli
7. dingarpur
8. pasgawan
9. gola
10. nawabganj
[ 659 others ]		 29 ( 0.8%)
25 ( 0.7%)
23 ( 0.6%)
23 ( 0.6%)
23 ( 0.6%)
22 ( 0.6%)
22 ( 0.6%)
22 ( 0.6%)
21 ( 0.6%)
21 ( 0.6%)
3398 (93.6%)		 0
(0.0%)
26 assemblynew
[character]		 1. maholi
2. kundarki
3. baghpat
4. nanpara
5. chhanbey
6. sidhauli
7. mohammdi
8. milak
9. marihan
10. sevata
[ 311 others ]		 49 ( 1.4%)
47 ( 1.3%)
46 ( 1.3%)
42 ( 1.2%)
38 ( 1.0%)
38 ( 1.0%)
36 ( 1.0%)
35 ( 1.0%)
34 ( 0.9%)
34 ( 0.9%)
3230 (89.0%)		 0
(0.0%)
27 assemblynumber
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 208.1 (116.1)
min < med < max:
1 < 199 < 403
IQR (CV) : 185 (0.6)		 319 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
28 loksabha
[integer]		 Min : 14
Mean : 14.7
Max : 15		 14 : 1203 (33.1%)
15 : 2426 (66.9%)		 0
(0.0%)
29 ac name
[character]		 1. MOHOLI
2. KUNDARKI
3. BAGHPAT
4. NANAPARA
5. CHHANBEY (SC)
6. SIDHAULI (SC)
7. MOHAMMDI
8. MILAK (SC)
9. MARIHAN
10. SEVATA
[ 309 others ]		 49 ( 1.4%)
47 ( 1.3%)
46 ( 1.3%)
42 ( 1.2%)
38 ( 1.0%)
38 ( 1.0%)
36 ( 1.0%)
35 ( 1.0%)
34 ( 0.9%)
34 ( 0.9%)
3230 (89.0%)		 0
(0.0%)
30 ac no
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 208.1 (116.1)
min < med < max:
1 < 199 < 403
IQR (CV) : 185 (0.6)		 319 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
31 districts
[character]		 1. Sitapur
2. Hardoi
3. Baharaich
4. Mirzapur
5. Moradabad
6. Baghpat
7. Kheri
8. Sonbhadra
9. Unnao
10. Rampur
[ 65 others ]		 202 ( 5.6%)
151 ( 4.2%)
135 ( 3.7%)
104 ( 2.9%)
94 ( 2.6%)
92 ( 2.5%)
91 ( 2.5%)
85 ( 2.3%)
80 ( 2.2%)
79 ( 2.2%)
2516 (69.3%)		 0
(0.0%)
32 district code
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 9136.9 (3.3)
min < med < max:
9132 < 9138 < 9141
IQR (CV) : 6 (0)		 9132 : 63 (18.6%)
9133 : 26 ( 7.7%)
9134 : 32 ( 9.5%)
9138 : 54 (16.0%)
9139 : 92 (27.2%)
9140 : 27 ( 8.0%)
9141 : 44 (13.0%)		 3291
(90.7%)
33 pc name
[character]		 1. DHAURAHRA
2. MISRIKH (SC)
3. SHRAWASTI
4. MIRZAPUR
5. ROBERTSGANJ (SC)
6. BAHRAICH (SC)
7. BAGHPAT
8. SAMBHAL
9. UNNAO
10. RAMPUR
[ 68 others ]		 133 ( 3.7%)
111 ( 3.1%)
107 ( 2.9%)
104 ( 2.9%)
102 ( 2.8%)
98 ( 2.7%)
97 ( 2.7%)
85 ( 2.3%)
80 ( 2.2%)
79 ( 2.2%)
2633 (72.6%)		 0
(0.0%)
34 constituency_no
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 41.6 (23)
min < med < max:
1 < 40 < 80
IQR (CV) : 36 (0.6)		 78 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
35 sanctionedcostnew
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 168.1 (135.3)
min < med < max:
10 < 116.1 < 500
IQR (CV) : 194.2 (0.8)		 3294 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
36 year_ac
[numeric]		 Min : 2007
Mean : 2009.4
Max : 2012		 2007 : 1869 (51.5%)
2012 : 1760 (48.5%)		 0
(0.0%)

3.2 total stats

PMGSY across years
Loksabha Term Number of projects Length coverd (Kms) Total sanctioned amount (Lakhs)
Family 844 3116 119361
Non-family 1582 6145 234752

3.3 Constituency level avg.

PMGSY summary stats wrt constituency type
Constituency Type Average number of projects Average length per project Average length over all
Family 30.1 3.7 111.3
Non-family 31.6 3.9 122.9

3.4 Contractors

PMGSY average number of contractors and amount sanctioned wrt constituency type
Type of constituency Average number of unique contractors AAvergae amount sanctioned to a unique contractor (Lakhs)
Family 16 483
Non-family 17 529

4 NREGA

Variable summary

Workdays - total days worked under NREGS

– Coded as: log(Workdays + 1)

Worked - number of individuals who worked under NREGS

– Coded as: log(Worked + 1)

Deposits - sum of disbursements to laborers’ bank and post office accounts

– Coded as: log(Bank Deposits + Post office Deposits + 1)

4.1 Summary table

No Variable Stats / Values Freqs (% of Valid) Graph Missing
1 constituency_no
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 45.7 (22.5)
min < med < max:
1 < 48 < 80
IQR (CV) : 38 (0.5)		 78 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
2 worked
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 4.6 (0.8)
min < med < max:
0 < 4.6 < 7.7
IQR (CV) : 0.8 (0.2)		 660 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
3 workdays
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 7.8 (1.1)
min < med < max:
0 < 7.9 < 11.5
IQR (CV) : 0.9 (0.1)		 9643 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
4 workdays_jc
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 2.4 (0.6)
min < med < max:
0 < 2.5 < 4.4
IQR (CV) : 0.8 (0.3)		 43971 distinct values 39
(0.0%)
5 disbursed_all
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 12.5 (1.5)
min < med < max:
0 < 12.7 < 16.4
IQR (CV) : 1 (0.1)		 19719 distinct values 0
(0.0%)
6 ratio
[numeric]		 Mean (sd) : 0.8 (0.2)
min < med < max:
0 < 0.8 < 6.2
IQR (CV) : 0.1 (0.2)		 41784 distinct values 904
(1.1%)

4.2 total stats

Summary of NREGA
Year Total number of projects Total days Average days per project Average number of projects per constituency Average days per constituency
2009 85333 667898.9 7.8 1094 8562.8

4.3 Constituency avg.

NREGA summary stats wrt constituency type
Caste group Average number of projects Average days Average number of poeple Average money disbursed
Family 1057.2 8258.4 4792.8 13169.7
Non-family 1114.6 8733.3 5125.2 13975.3

5 Pol consequences

5.1 UP CV

This is carried out using AE election booth level data from 2007, 2012, 2017 UP elections

5.1.1 CV density graphs

5.1.2 Linear regression

Dependent variable:
cv
dynast 0.024
(0.069)
margin_percentage 0.029
(0.031)
vote_share_percentage -0.075
(0.064)
enop -0.430
(0.469)
incumbent 0.064
(0.110)
log(electors) 0.831
(2.689)
turnout_percentage 0.056*
(0.032)
Fixed effects Year and Constituency
Clustered SE Constituency
Observations 744
R2 0.576
Adjusted R2 0.071
Residual Std. Error 1.026 (df = 339)
Note: p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

5.1.3 close elections [5 PC] break up

dynast count
0 56
1 28

5.1.4 rdd graph

5.1.5 RDD model

Dependent variable:
cv
Stable 0.003
(0.030)
Constatnt 0.577***
(0.018)
Observations 77
R2 0.0002
Adjusted R2 -0.013
Residual Std. Error 0.128 (df = 75)
Note: p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01